Volume : 2, Issue : 11, NOV 2016

EXISTENCE OF CARBON NANOTUBES AS SORBENTS IN WATER TREATMENT AND ITS TOXIC EFFECTS.

Amrit Kaur

Abstract

Water crisis is one of the greatest concern of our time. The absence of hygienic water is a developing issue far and wide. Water request is increasing quickly as an after effect of growing population and fast urbanization. As of late nanomaterials are utilized as adsorbents for expulsion of harmful and organic pollutants from contaminated water storages. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) owing to their tunable physical, chemical, electrical and structural properties, motivate creative advances to address the water deficiency and water contamination issues. The mechanical adaptability and robustness, thermal stability and resistance to brutal environment endow CNTs with excellent application potential in water treatment. CNTs can possible used as efficient adsorbents for both organic and inorganic contaminants from water frameworks. However these nanosorbents have not being evaluated on the basis of toxicity. Therefore it is very essential to confirm the impact of nanosorbents on environment and human health before their large scale commercialization.

Article : Download PDF

Cite This Article

Article No : 13

Number of Downloads : 948

References

[1] H. Strathmann, “Membrane separation processes: current relevanceand future opportunities,” AIChE Journal, vol. 47, no. 5,pp. 1077–1087, 2001.

[2] K.Walha,R.B.Amar, L. Firdaous,F.Qu´em´eneur, and P. Jaouen,“Brackish groundwater treatment by nanofiltration, reverseosmosis and electrodialysis in Tunisia: performance and costcomparison,” Desalination, vol. 207, no. 1–3, pp. 95–106, 2007.

[3] J.-Y. Bottero, J. Rose, and M. R. Wiesner, “Nanotechnologies:tools for sustainability in a new wave of water treatment processes,”Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management,
vol. 2, no. 4, pp. 391–395, 2006

[4] Peng, X. J., Li, Y. H., Luan, Z. K., Di , Z. C., Wang, H. Y., Tian, B. H., &Jia, Z. P.(2003). Adsorption of 1, 2 -dichlorobenzene from water to carbon nanotubes. ChemicalPhysics Letters, 376(1-2), 154-158.
[5] Lin, D. H., & Xing, B. S. (2008). Adsorption of phenolic compounds by carbon nanotubes:Role of aromaticity and substitution of hydroxyl groups. Environmental Scienceand Technology, 42(19), 7254-7259.

[5] Bai, Y. C., Lin, D. H., Wu, F. C., Wang, Z. Y., & Xing, B. S. (2010). Adsorption of TritonX-series surfactants and its role in stabilizing multi-walled carbon nanotube suspensions.Chemosphere, 79(4), 362-367.

[6] Ji, L. L., Shao, Y., Xu, Z. Y., Zheng, S. R., & Zhu, D. Q. (2010). Adsorption of MonoaromaticCompounds and Pharmaceutical Antibiotics on Carbon Nanotubes Activatedby KOH Etching. Environmental Science and Technology, 44(16), 6429-6436.

[7] Sheng, G. D., Shao, D. D., Ren, X. M., Wang, X. Q., Li, J. X., Chen, Y. X., & Wang, X.K. (2010). Kinetics and thermodynamics of adsorption of ionizable aromatic compounds from aqueous solutions by as-prepared and oxidized multiwalled carbonnanotubes. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 505-516.

[8] Yan, H., Gong, A. J., He, H. S., Zhou, J., Wei, Y. X., &Lv, L. (2006). Adsorption ofmicrocystins by carbon nanotubes. Chemosphere, 62(1), 142-148.

[9] Li, Y. H., Wang, S. G., Cao, A. Y., Zhao, D., Zhang, X. F., Xu, C. L., Luan, Z. K., Ruan,D. B., Liang, J., Wu, D. H., & Wei, B. Q. (2001). Adsorption of fluoride from water byamorphous alumina supported on carbon nanotubes. Chemical Physics Letters, 412.

[10] Li, Y. H., Wang, S. G., Wei, J. Q., Zhang, X. F., Xu, C. L., Luan, Z. K., Wu, D. H., &Wei, B. Q. (2002). Lead adsorption on carbon nanotubes. Chemical Physics Letters,357(3-4), 263-266.

[11] Peng, X. J., Luan, Z. K., Ding, J., Di , Z. H., Li, Y. H., & Tian, B. H. (2005). Ceria nanoparticlessupported on carbon nanotubes for the removal of arsenate from water. MaterialsLetters, 59(4), 399-403.

[12] Mackie, E. B., Wolfson, R. A., Arnold, L. M., Lafdi, K., &Migone, A. D. (1997). AdsorptionStudies of Methane Films on Catalytic Carbon Nanotubes and on CarbonFilaments. Langmuir, 13(26), 7197-7201.

[13] Gotovac, S., Song, L., Kanoh, H., & Kaneko, K. (2007). Assembly structure control ofsingle wall carbon nanotubes with liquid phase naphthalene adsorption. Colloids andSurfaces, A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 300(1-2), 117-121.

[14] Chen, W., Duan, L., & Zhu, D. Q. (2007). Adsorption of polar and nonpolar organicchemicals to carbon nanotubes. Environmental Science and Technology, 41(24),8295-8300.

[15] Gotovac, S., Honda, H., Hattori, Y., Takahashi, K., Kanoh, H., & Kaneko, K. (2007).Effect of Nanoscale Curvature of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes on Adsorption ofPolycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons. Nano Lett., 7(3), 583-587.

[16] Zhang, S. J., Shao, T., Bekaroglu, S. S. K., &Karanfil, T. (2009). The Impacts of Aggregationand Surface Chemistry of Carbon Nanotubes on the Adsorption of SyntheticOrganic Compounds. Environmental Science and Technology, 43(15), 5719-5725.

[17] Rao, G. P., Lu, C., & Su, F. (2007). Sorption of divalent metal ions from aqueous solutionby carbon nanotubes: A review. Separation and Purification Technology, 58(1),224-231.

[18] Li, Y. H., Di , Z. C., Ding, J., Wu, D. H., Luan, Z. K., & Zhu, Y. Q. (2005). Adsorptionthermodynamic, kinetic and desorption studies of Pb2+ on carbon nanotubes. WaterResearch, 39(4), 605-609.

[19] Lu, C. S., Chung, Y. L., & Chang, K. F. (2006). Adsorption thermodynamic and kineticstudies of trihalomethanes on multiwalled carbon nanotubes. Journal of HazardousMaterials, 138(2), 304-310.

[20] Yao, Y. J., He, B., Xu, F. F., & Chen, X. F. (2011). Equilibrium and kinetic studies ofmethyl orange adsorption on multiwalled carbon nanotubes. Chemical EngineeringJournal, 170(1), 82-89.

[21] Lu, C. S., Chung, Y. L., & Chang, K. F. (2005). Adsorption of trihalomethanesfrom water with carbon nanotubes. Water Research, 39(6), 1183-1189.

[22] Zhang, S. J., Shao, T., Kose, H. S., &Karanfil, T. (2012). Adsorption kinetics of aromaticcompounds on carbon nanotubes and activated carbons. Environmental Toxicologyand Chemistry, 31(1), 79-85.

[23] Gui, X. C., Wei, J. Q., Wang, K. L., Cao, A. Y., Zhu, H. W., Jia, Y., Shu, Q. K., & Wu, D.H. (2010). Carbon Nanotube Sponges. Advanced Materials, 22(5), 617.

[24] Chen, C. L., Wang, X. K., &Nagatsu, M. (2009). Europium Adsorption on MultiwallCarbon Nanotube/Iron Oxide Magnetic Composite in the Presence of PolyacrylicAcid. Environmental Science and Technology, 43(7), 2362-2367.

[25] Li, X. N., Chen, S., Quan, X., & Zhang, Y. B. (2011). Enhanced Adsorption of PFOAand PFOS on Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes under Electrochemical Assistance. EnvironmentalScience and Technology, 45(19), 8498-8505.

[26] Jia G, Wang HF, Yan L, Wang X, Pei RJ, Yan T, Zhao YL, Guo XB (2005). Cytotoxicity of carbon nanomaterials: single-wall nanotube, multi-wall nanotube, and fullerene. Environ SciTechnol, 39: 1378–1383.
[27] Wang X, G Jia, H Wang, H Nie, L Yan, X Y Deng and S Wang (2009,) Diameter effects on cytotoxicity of multi-walled carbon nanotubes, J Nanosci Nanotech9: 3025-3033.

[28] Chawla J, Kumar A (2013)Ranking Carbon-based Nanomaterials using Cytotoxicity to Minimize Public Health Risks. IntJEnvironalEng Manage4: 301–308.

[29]Lam CW, James JT, McCluskey R, Arepalli S, Hunter RL (2006) A review of carbon nanotube toxicity and assessment of potential occupational and environmental health risks. CritRevToxicol36: 189–217.

[30]KarlssonHL,GustafssonJ,Cronholm,P,Moller L(2009) Size-dependent toxicity of metal oxide particles- a comparison between nano- and micrometer size. Toxicol Lett 188(2): 112–8.